Progress in Mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus and Its Chemical Constituents on Multiple Sclerosis / 中国结合医学杂志

The primary chemical components of Astragalus membranaceus include polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, and amino acids. Recent studies have shown that Astragalus membranaceus has multiple functions, including improving immune function and exerting antioxidative, anti-radiation, anti-tumor, antibacterial, antiviral, and hormone-like effects. Astragalus membranaceus and its extracts are widely used in clinical practice because they have obvious therapeutic effects against various autoimmune diseases and relatively less adverse reaction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of central nervous system (CNS), which mainly caused by immune disorder that leads to inflammatory demyelination, inflammatory cell infiltration, and axonal degeneration in the CNS. In this review, the authors analyzed the clinical manifestations of MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and focused on the efficacy of Astragalus membranaceus and its chemical components in the treatment of MS/EAE.

Bushen Huatan recipe for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: therapeutic mechanism based on network pharmacology and molecular docking / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the pharmacological mechanism of Bushen Huatan (BSHT) recipe in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).@*METHODS@#The active ingredients in the component drugs of the recipe were screened through TCMSP, and their potential targets were predicted by PubChem and Swiss target prediction. Genecards and OMIM were used to screen the therapeutic targets in the treatment of PCOS. The drug targets and disease targets were corrected using Uniprot, and the intersection targets were obtained. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING, and the intersection targets were analyzed with CytoNCA to screen the core targets. DAVID was used for GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and the core components and core targets were verified using AutoDock. Animal experiment was performed to verify the results using a female C57BL/6J mouse model of PCOS, treated daily with 1 mg/kg BSHT recipe granule for 35 days, and the ovarian expressions of the core targets and pathways were detected using Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#We identified a total of 125 potential active ingredients from the 14 component drugs in the recipe, 990 drug targets, 4759 PCOS targets and 434 intersection targets. The core active ingredients of the recipe included β -Sitosterol, kaempferol, and quercetin, whose core targets included PIK3CA, PIK3R1, APP, AKT1, and MAPK1. GO enrichment analysis highlighted such processes as drug reaction, negative regulation of apoptosis, and positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase Ⅱ promoter. The enriched KEGG pathways included primarily the cancer pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed that the core active ingredients had strong binding ability with the core targets. In the animal experiment, BSHT recipe was shown to improve the symptoms, down-regulate the expressions of PI3K and Akt proteins and up-regulate MAPK1 expression in the ovary of mice with PCOS.@*CONCLUSION@#The therapeutic mechanism of BSHT recipe for PCOS involves multiple active ingredients, multiple therapeutic targets and multiple pathways.

Alternative Splicing Analysis of LACTB Gene and Expression Characteristics of Different Transcripts in Leukemia Cell Lines / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the expression of different transcripts of lactamase β（LACTB) gene in leukemic cell lines.@*METHODS@#NCBI website and DNAstar software were used to detect the Bioinformatics analysis of LACTB. The expression of different transcripts of LACTB gene in leukemic cell lines (THP-1, HL60, K562, U937, Jurkat and Raji) was detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), DNA and clone sequencing; the expression of different transcripts of LACTB gene in leukemic cell lines was detected by Quantitative Real-time PCR.@*RESULTS@#There were a variety of splicing isomers in LACTB, and it could produce a variety of protein isomers with conserved N-terminal and different C-terminal, moreover, there were many splice isoforms of LACTB in leukemia cell lines, and there were different expression patterns in different cell lines, including XR1, V1, V2 and V3. The expression of total LACTB showed high in HL60 cells, while low in Raji cells, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The V1 was high expression in U937 cells but low in Raji cells, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). V2 was high expression in HL60 cells but lowly in Raji cells, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression of V3 was low in THP-1 cells, which was significantly different as compared with that in normal bone marrow (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The reaserch found that there are many splice isomers of LACTB in leukemic cell lines, and there are different expression patterns in different cell lines.

Estabishment and evaluation of a new method for rapid detection of CA16 hand, foot and mouth disease pathogens based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer technique / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To establish a new method for rapid detection of Coxsachie virus A16 (CA16) hand, foot and mouth disease pathogens based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technique, to evaluate the detection effect and to make the method to meet the requirements of large sample size detection during the outbreak of disease. Methods: Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis and bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay were used to identify the purity of CA16 chicken yolk antibody (CA16-IgY) and the protein level. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) was used to detect the titer and specificity of anti-CA16 IgY antibody. The size, morphology and characterization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and their biological probes (IgY-AuNPs) were determined by UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The CA16 detection system was constructed based on FRET technique. The sensitivity and specificity of the detection method and clinical sample detection were evaluated by optimizing the IgY-AuNPs concentration, sodium chloride (NaCl) dosage, fluorescence recovery time and other indicators. Results: The CA16-IgY had high purity, the titer was 1:128 000, the average protein level was 12. 15 mg · L-1, and CA16-IgY had good specificity. The results of UV-Vis, FTIR and TEM of AuNPs and IgY-AuNPs showed that IgY was successfully labeled onto the surface of AuNPs, which suggested that IgY-AuNPs could specially recognize CA16 was successfully prepared by electrostatic self-assembly. The CA16 detection system was constructed based on FRET technology, after optimization of the detection system, the optimal dosage of IgY-AuNPs was determined to be 0.52 X 10-3 g · L-1, the optimal dosage of NaCl was 40 μL and the optimal fluorescence recovery time was 90 min. The standard curve of the established detection method was I525 ntu= 15. 452 IgC-9. 746, R2 = 0.993 2, the detection limit was as 1 X 104 PFU · ml-1. Compared with qRT-PCR, the agreement rate reached 93. 75%. Conclusion: A new rapid detection method for CA16 hand, foot and mouth disease pathogens is successfully established, which can be applied to laboratory and clinical tests.

Therapeutic Effect of Modified Yinchenhao Tang on Cholestatic Liver Disease in Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To investigate the protective effect of modified Yinchenhao Tang on α-isothiocyanate(ANIT)-induced cholestatic liver disease (CSLD). Method::Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: blank control group, model control group, compound Glycyrrhizin capsules group(22.5, 45 mg·kg-1), modified Yinchenhao Tang low, middle and high dose groups(4.1, 8.1, 16.2 g·kg-1). A model of cholestatic liver injury was prepared by intragastric administration of ANIT (100 mg·kg-1). Glycyrrhizin capsules and modified Yinchenhao Tang were administered intragastrically on the second day of modeling for 4 consecutive days. And bile duct intubation was performed on the fifth day to measure the bile flow rate of the rats, and serum was taken to test the total bilirubin(TBIL), direct bilirubin(DBIL), indirect bilirubin(IBIL), alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and total bile acid(TBA) serological indicators of each group. Pathological changes of liver tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression levels of G protein-coupled bile acid receptor(TGR5), nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3(NLRP3) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(Caspase-1) proteins in the iver tissues were detected by Western blot. Result::Compared with the blank control group, bile flow rate in the model group decreased significantly(P<0.01). TBIL, DBIL, IBIL, ALT and TBA level in serum were significantly increased(P<0.01), liver tissue lesions were severe, and significantly increased the expression of liver tissue TGR5 and Caspase-1.Compare with model group, the compound Glycyrrhizin capsules group had no significant effect on bile flow rate and TBIL, DBIL, IBIL, ALT and TBA level in serum. Bile flow rate increased and TBIL, DBIL, IBIL, ALT and TBA level in serum decreased significantly in modified Yinchenhao Tang high dose group. The compound Glycyrrhizin capsules group and modified Yinchenhao Tang group have different extents of improvement the pathological changes of the lung tissues, and the protein expression of TGR5 and Caspase-1 were significantly decreased in the liver tissue(P<0.01). Conclusion::Modified Yinchenhao Tang can effectively treat CSLD in rats, and its mechanism may be related to bile acid and bile acid receptor TGR5-mediated inflammatory factors.

Host response of different cross-linked hyaluronic acid composite gels and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: The interaction between hydroxyl in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and hydroxyland carboxyl in hyaluronic acid can reduce the enzymatic hydrolysis of hyaluronic acid and increase the usability when used as a skin filling material. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the host response of different cross-linked hyaluronic acid composite gels after they were implanted in vivo and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. METHODS: Twelve New Zealand white rabbits (purchased from Beijing Longan Laboratory Animal Breeding Center) were injected with cross-linked hyaluronic acid composite gels through 10 points in subcutaneous tissue at both sides of the spine. On the left side, chemically cross-linked sodium hyaluronate-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gel was injected via 4 points (chemical cross-linking group). On the right side, physically mixed sodium hyaluronate-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gel was injected via 4 points (physical cross-linking group). The modified sodium hyaluronate gel which was marketed was injected via 1 point on each side (control group). Subcutaneous tissues including implant material was excised at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after injection. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to evaluate the degree of inflammation and fibrosis. Masson staining was performed to observe the formation of collagen fibers. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (approval No. IMPS-EAEP-H-2017030). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hematoxylin-eosin staining: In the chemical cross-linking group, at 1 and 4 weeks after injection, inflammatory reaction was more obvious, and the capsule wall and the microcapsule wall were thicker compared with the control group. At 12 weeks after injection, the degree of inflammation and fibrosis were similar between chemical cross-linking and control groups. At 1 week after injection, in the physical cross-linking group, a small amount of inflammatory cells were observed, and the fiber wrap and microcapsule wall formation were slightly more obvious than those in the control group. At 4 weeks after injection, the fiber wrap and microcapsule wall were thicker in the physical cross-linking group compared with the control group. At 12 weeks after injection, the degrees of inflammatory reaction and fibrosis in the physical cross-linking group were similar to those of the control group. Masson staining: In the chemical cross-linking group and physical cross-linking group, at 1 and 4 weeks after injection, the collagen fibers were increased compared with the control group and they further increased at 12 weeks, and at this time, there was no significant difference between chemical cross-linking and physical cross-linking groups. Immunohistochemical staining: In the chemical cross-linking group, matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in the chemical cross-linking group was lower than that in the control group at 1 week after injection, and there was no significant difference at other time points. At 1 week after injection, matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in the physical cross-linking group was lower than that in the control group. At 4 weeks after injection, matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in the physical cross-linking group was higher than that in the control group. At 12 weeks after injection, there was no significant difference in matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression between physical cross-linking and control groups. These results showed that the biocompatibility of the two cross-linked sodium hyaluronate composite gels was good in 12 weeks after subcutaneous implantation. The expression of collagen fiber and matrix metalloproteinase-9 was gradually increased. All these are conducive to tissue remodeling. In the physical cross-linking gel, tissue reaction is smaller at the early stage, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression is significantly increased at the middle stage, which are more conducive to tissue repair and remodeling.

Host response in vivo and the expression of IL-4 in different cross-linked hyaluronic acid composite gels / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective To observe the host response and the expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in different cross-linked hyaluronic acid composite gels at different time points after the implantation in vivo, and to explore the significance of biocompatibility and macrophage polarization in post-implantation inflammatory response and tissue remodeling. Methods New Zealand white rabbits were respectively injected with crosslinked hyaluronic acid-crosslinked hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gel (sample 1), crosslinked hyaluronic acid-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gel (sample 2) and commercially available modified sodium hyaluronate gel (control) in subcutaneous tissue at both sides of the spine. Then the rabbits were dissected at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after the implantation. The tissues were fixed with 10％formaldehyde solution, embedded in paraffin and sliced. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to observe the degree of inflammation and fibrosis. Masson staining was performed to observe the formation of collagen fibers. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to observe the expression of IL-4. Results The results of HE staining showed that the inflammatory reaction in the sample 1 and sample 2 groups was significantly higher than that in the control group 1 and 4 weeks after the implantation. The inflammatory cells aggregated, and the wall of capsule and microcapsule was thick. The sample 1 group was more obvious, and the result was mild stimulation. For all the groups, the results were all non-irritating at 12 weeks after the implantation. The results of Masson staining showed that the collagen fibers in the sample 1 and sample 2 groups were increased compared with the control group, mainly distributed around the implantation site, and a small amount among the gels after 1 and 4 weeks. After 12 weeks, the collagen fibers were further increased, especially among the gels, which were consistent with the control group. The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that, at the same time point, the expression of IL-4 in sample 1 and sample 2 groups was higher than that in the control group, and the expression of IL-4 increased gradually with time. The expression of IL-4 in the control and sample 1 group at 12 weeks after the implantation was higher than that at 1 and 4 weeks respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). In the sample 1 group, the expression of IL-4 at 12 weeks after the implantation was higher than that at 1 week, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression of IL-4 in the sample 1 group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 4 weeks after the implantation, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The two different cross-linked sodium hyaluronate composite gels have good biocompatibility. The formation of collagen fiber and the expression of IL-4 can gradually increased within 12 weeks after the subcutaneous implantation, which is beneficial to the tissue remodeling.

Treatment of Pilon fractures complicated with soft tissue injury by plate and lag screw fixation via posterolateral approach / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical effects of plate and lag screw fixation for treatment of Pilon fractures complicated with soft tissue injury via posterolateral approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2013 to June 2016, 25 patients with Pilon fractures complicated with soft tissue injury underwent open reduction and internal fixation via posterolateral approach. There were 15 males and 10 females, aged from 25 to 61 years old with an average of(39.6±0.2) years. Plate and lag screw fixation were used in operation. Healing of soft tissue contusion and abrasions in the ankle wounds and injuries were observed after operation. The Burwell-Charnley standard was applied to assess the quality of fracture reduction and the AOFAS Ankle foot scoring system(total score 100 points) was used to evaluate the clinical effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up from 6 to 24 months with an average of 12 months. All operative wounds and soft tissue injuries were healed. According to the Burwell-Charnley standard, 22 cases obtained excellent results with anatomic reduction, while 2 cases were dissatisfied, and 1 case poor. The AOFAS ankle foot scores were 90.2±7.5 on average, with 20 cases of excellent results, 3 good, 2 fair.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Plate and lag screw fixation by posterolateral approach in treating Pilon fracture complicated with soft tissue injury shows advantage of avoiding injury to the anteromedial skin and soft tissue, provides forceful fixation without further injury.</p>

Quality evaluation of Callicarpa kwangtungensis from different origins by HPLC coupled with chemometrics / 中草药

Objective: To establish HPLC fingerprints of Callicarpa kwangtungensis from different origins, which can be used in the evaluation for its quality control. Methods: The fingerprints of 15 batches of C. kwangtungensis were further evaluated by chemometrics methods. The similarity analyzed with "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Chinese Materia Medica 2004A", and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed by SPSS 19.0. Results: There were 12 common peaks, and the similarity degrees of 15 batches of samples were more than 0.644, and showed that all the samples from different origins were of good consistency. The samples were divided into four clusters by HCA. The result of PCA showed that the three factors were chosen, the quality of samples could be evaluated basically. According to the composite score, the quality of C. kwangtungensis from different origins, Hunan Huitong, Guangxi Guilin, Jiangxi Wuning, Jiangxi Nanchang, Jiangxi Pingxiang, and Jiangxi Yichun were better than others. Conclusion: The method is simple, reproducible, and reliable, than it can be used for quality control and evaluation of C. kwangtungensis from different origins.

Clinical types and features of chronicity of drug-induced liver injury / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical types and features of chronicity of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). MethodsThe patients who were diagnosed with DILI in Beijing You′An Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2011 to December 2013 were screened, and a retrospective analysis was performed for 84 patients with chronic DILI. The case report form was filled out for each patient, and the data were entered into a database, including demographic features, underlying diseases, types of drugs, cardinal symptoms and signs, and laboratory examinations. ResultsOf all patients, 63 (75.0%) were female. The chronicity of DILI could be divided into six clinical types according to disease progression and recovery of liver function; of all patients, 64 (762%) had a recurrent type, 4 (4.8%) had a delayed recovery type, 4 (4.8%) had a recurrent fluctuation type, 6 (7.1%) had a chronic cholestasis type, 5 (6.0%) had a type of rapid progression to liver cirrhosis, and 1 (1.2%) had a type of drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis. Among all the 84 patients, 56 (66.7%) had underlying diseases; 51 (60.7%) had DILI induced by a single drug, mainly traditional Chinese medicine (47.0%), antipyretics and analgesics (10.6%), and antitubercular agents (9.1%); as for the type of liver injury, 52 (61.9%) had hepatocyte injury, 8 (9.5%) had cholestasis, and 5 (6.0%) had a mixed type. Liver biochemistries showed abnormal results in 19 patients (22.6%). ConclusionThe chronicity of DILI can be divided into six clinical types, of which the most common type is the recurrent type, and the other clinical types include delayed recovery type, recurrent fluctuation type, chronic cholestasis type, rapid progression to liver cirrhosis, and drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis.

Protective effects of P2X7R antagonist on chronic pancreatitis in mice / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the role of purinergic 2X7 receptor (P2X7R) and its downstream target-NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the process of pancreatic fibrosis in a mouse model of chronic pancreatitis (CP). Methods Forty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal control group, CP group, P2X7R antagonist oxidized ATP (OxATP) group and brilliant blue G (BBG) group. The chronic pancreatitis model was induced by repeated intraperitoneal injection of the cholecystokinin analogue caerulein with the dose of 50μg/kg for six weeks. Normal saline, OxATP (20μL, 300μmol/L) or BBG (20μL, 10μmol/L) were administered for CP group, OxATP group and BBG group for two weeks after the last caerulein injection. Then all mice were sacrificed and the histopathological changes of the pancreas, especially the fibrotic degrees were evaluated by HE stain, fibrosis score, Sirius red staining and α-SMA immunohistochemical stain. The pancreatic P2X7R, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry respectively to compare the changes between the groups, and explore the role of P2X7R-NLRP3 signaling pathway in pancreatic fibrosis. Results Compared with the normal control group, the scores of pancreatic fibrosis and the expressions of P2X7R, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in pancreas were significantly increased in CP model group (P<0.05). Compare to CP group, the pancreatic chronic inflammation and the fibrosis indices such as HE fibrosis score, Sirius red staining and α-SMA immunohistochemical stain were ameliorated obviously in OxATP and BBG groups (P<0.05). And expressions of P2X7R, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in the pancreas were allreduced greatly in both OxATP and BBG groups (P<0.05). Conclusion P2X7R antagonist OxATP and BBG can significantly decrease pancreatic chronic inflammation and fibrosis in the mouse model of CP, which suggests that the blockade of P 2X7R-NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for CP and its fibrotic process.

Analysis on results of serological detection of brucellosis patients in Ji'nan City from 2008 to 2014 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective By analyzing the epidemiological characteristics and trends of brucellosis in Ji'nan City,to provide a scientific basis for further prevention and control of the disease.Methods Serum samples of suspected brucellosis patients were collected from every county (city,district) of Ji'nan City from 2008 to 2014,and these samples were screened by Rose-bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT).Then positive samples were confirmed by Standard tube agglutination test (SAT),and experimental data and results were analyzed by statistics.Results Totally 2713 serum samples of suspected brucellosis patients were tested,and 200 were positive by SAT.Temporal distribution:the serum antibody positive specimens were detected each month throughout the year,and the results showed clear seasonal prevalence by concentrating from March to September (82.07％,151/184).Population distribution:the serum antibody positive rate of males was higher than that of females,the ratio was 2.08:1.00,and the cases were found among 15 to 75 years old,while concentrated from 30 to 65 (67.00％,134/200).Spatial distribution:except Huaiyin District,positive samples were detected in all other 10 counties (cities,districts) of Ji'nan City,most of them (92.5％,185/200) in Shanghe,Zhangqiu,Changqing,Shizhong and Licheng counties (cities,districts).Conclusions Brucellosis epidemic in Ji'nan is serious,and cases have occurred mostly in spring,summer and autumn.It is recommended that health propaganda and education should be strengthened in order to enhance selfprotection awareness of the exposed population,and then improve the physical examination for early discovery,early reporting and early treatment.At the same time,it is important to cooperate with the Department of Livestock to prevent and control brucellosis.

B and T lymphocyte attenuator is a target of miR-155 during naive CD4+ T cell activation

Background: MicroRNA-155 [miR-155] is upregulated during T cell activation, but the exact mechanisms by which it influences CD4[+] T cell activation remain unclear

Objective: To examine whether the B and T lymphocyte attenuator [BTLA] is a target of miR-155 during naïve CD4+ T cell activation

Methods: Firefly luciferase reporter plasmids pEZX-MT01-wild-type-BTLA and pEZX-MT01-mutant-BTLA were constructed. Lymphocytes were nucleofected with miR-155 inhibitor or negative control [NC]. Then, naïve CD4+ CD62L+ helper T cells purified from lymphocytes were stimulated with immobilized antibody to CD3 and soluble antibody to CD28. miR-155 and BTLA expression were examined by real-time RT-PCR. Cell surface CD69 expression and IL-2 secretion were measured by ELISA and flowcytometry, respectively

Results: Luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-155 targeted the BTLA 3'UTR region. Compared with non-stimulated condition, both miR-155 and BTLA mRNA expression were upregulated after T cell activation. Similar results were observed for BLTA protein expression. Compared with NC, the miR-155 inhibitor decreased miR-155 by about 45%, but did not influence BTLA mRNA expression. Compared with NC, the miR-155 inhibitor decreased the surface BTLA expression by about 60%. Upregulation of BTLA in miR-155 knockdown CD4[+] T cells did not influence the cell surface expression of CD69, an early activation marker [p=0.523]. Similarly, IL-2 production was not changed

Conclusion: miR-155 is involved in the inhibition of BTLA during CD4[+] T cell activation. These results might serve as a basis for an eventual therapeutic manipulation of this pathway to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases

Effects of combination of ulinastatin and magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate on expression of TGF-β1 and CTGF in lung tissue of rats with pulmonary fibrosis / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin (UTI) combined with magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) on the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in lung tis?sue of rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin (BLM). Methods Ninety Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: BLM group, methylprednisolone (MTH) group, UTI group, MgIG group and UTI combined with MgIG (UTI+MgIG) group, n=18 for each group. The rat model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by injecting bleomycin through tra?chea in five groups. Twenty-four hours after treatment with BLM,rats were treated with normal saline every day in BLM group, and rats were treated by corresponding drugs in other groups. Six rats of each group were killed at the 7th,14th and 28th day respectively. The pathological changes of alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis were evaluated by HE staining, and ex?pression levels of TGF-β1 and CTGF in lung tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry method. Results (1) Com?pared with BLM group, the degree of alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis was reduced in other groups. There was significant dif?ference in alveolitis at the 7th and 14th day between UTI+MgIG group and BLM group. And there was significant difference in pulmonary fibrosis at the 14th and 28th day between UTI+MgIG group and BLM group (P<0.05). (2) Compared with BLM group, the expression levels of TGF-β1 and CTGF were decreased in other groups. In UTI+MgIG group, the expres?sion levels of TGF-β1 were significantly lower at the 7th and 14th day compared with those in UTI group and MgIG group, and which were significantly lower at the 28th day than those in MTH group, UTI group and MgIG group (P<0.05). The ex?pression levels of CTGF were significantly lower at the 7th day in UTI + MgIG group than those in UTI group and MgIG group, and which were significantly lower at the 14th and 28th day than those in MTH group, UTI group and MgIG group (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of UTI and MgIG can alleviate alveolitis and fibrosis in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis rats, which might related with the down-regulation of TGF-β1 and CTGF expressions.

The role of rapamycin-eluted stent in vascular endothelial injury / 天津医药

Objective To explore the mechanism of rapamycin-eluted stent in vascular endothelial injury. Meth?ods (1)Rapamycin (rapamycin group) was injected to rabbit dorsum muscle to simulate rapamycin-eluted stent implanta?tion into muscles. Control group and acetone control group were established at the same time. Morphological change in mus?cle was observed and serum calcium levels were measured after rapamycin injection.(2)HUVECs were incubated with 0.1, 1, 10 and 100μg/L rapamycin for 48 h respectively or with 1μg/L rapamycin for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h respectively.Cell via?bility was examined by MTT and its relationship with drug concentration and treatment time were analyzed.(3)HUVECs were divided into control group and 1μg/L rapamycin group. After 48 h,morphological changes of HUVECs were assessed by HE staining,the production of nitric oxide was examined by Nitric Oxide Assay Kit and the intracellular calcium ion con?centration was tagged with Fluo-3/AM. Results (1) Organizational morphology in local muscle with rapamycin injection represent stent implantation of rabbit,and calcium content in local muscle increased significantly in rapamycin group com?pared with nomal control group and acetone control group(P<0.05). (2) Cell survival rate decreased significantly upon ad?ministration of rapamycin in both concentration and time dependent manner(P<0.01). (3) In rapamycin group, cytoplasm vacuoles, nucleus pycnosis and nuclear fragmentation were observed;compared with control group,the levels of intracellular free Ca2+increased while the levels of nitric oxide was reduced. Conclusion Rapamycin treatment lead of injury to vascular endothelial cells which might through up-regulating intracellular Ca2+level.

Effect of Yiqihuayu herb on serum NF-κB p65 and myocardin in patients with hysteromyoma / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Yiqihuayu herb on serum NF-κB p65 and myocardin in patients with hysteromyoma. Methods 56 cases patients with hysteromyoma were selected and divided into two groups.The control group of 28 cases were treated with mifepristone, and the experiment group of 28 cases were treated with Yiqihuayu herb.The clinical curative effect, uterine myoma volume, expression of NF-κB p65 and myocardin level were compared after treatment.Results The clinical curative effect of the experiment group was 89.29%, which was higher than 67.86% of control group(χ2 =3.82,P<0.05).Compared with control group, NF-κB p65 expression level was lower(P<0.05), myocardin expression level was higher ( P<0.05 ) , the volume of uterus and uterine myoma were smaller ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion Yiqihuayu recipe could reduce the expression of NF-κB p65 in serum, increase myocardin level, and reduce the volume of uterus and myoma, which has good clinical curative effect in the treatment of patients with hysteromyoma.

Influence of serum Bcl-2 and Bax in patients with myoma of uterus by Jiang Sanqi / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate effect serum Bcl-2 and Bax in patients with myoma of uterus by Jiang Sanqi.Methods 92 patients with uterine fibroids were selected,and randomly divided into experiment group and control group.Control group of 46 cases treated with goserelin once 3.6 mg every month,subcutaneous injection,mifepristone 12.5 mg,once a day for oral treatment.Experiment group of 46 cases treated with Jiang Sanqi,0.5 g/kg,once a day for boiling water, for 3 months.The level of Bcl-2 and Bax in serum, clinical efficiency, diameter of tumor and complications were compared after treatment.Results The levels of Bcl-2 of experimental group patients was lower than control group, the level of Bax was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).The total efficiency of experimental group(89.13%)was higher than that of the control group(71.74)%(P<0.05). The experimental group tumor diameter was smaller than the control group(P<0.05).Complications of the experiment was lower than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Jiang Sanqi can significantly reduce the serum Bcl-2 of patients with uterine fibroids,increase the expression level of Bax, reduce the uterine fibroids diameter effect, reduce the incidence rate of hormone suppression of drug side effects, has a great significance in clinical.

Effect of electro-acupuncture on clinical outcomes and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in in vitro fertilization and embryo transplantation / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) on clinical outcomes and the occurrence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in in vitro fertilization and embryo transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 109 patients who routinely received in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) at Reproductive Center were assigned to the control group (56 cases) and the EA group (53 cases) according to even and odd-numbered date. Patients in the control group received controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) referring to GnRH-a long protocol. On the basis of COH, those in the EA group received EA from the day of Gn injection to the day of embryo transfer. Estradiol (E2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and angiotensin (AT) II were measured in all patients on the day of hCG injection, the day of ovum pick up (OPU), and the day of embryo transfer (ET), respectively. The oocyte retrieval rate, good quality embryo rate, clinical pregnancy rate, the abortion rate, and the occurrence of OHSS were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, serum E2 levels on the day of OPU and the day of ET were significantly lower in the EA group (P < 0.05). On the day of OPU levels of VEGF and IL-6 also significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Serum levels of VEGF and IL-6 reached the highest line on the day of hCG in the two groups, and then showed a decreasing trend. Compared with the control group at the same time point, serum levels of VEGF and IL-6 obviously decreased on on the day of OPU, hCG, and ET (P < 0.05). The occurrence of OHSS and the canceling rate of transplant cycle were significantly lower in the EA group than in the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>EA, as an adjunctive therapy, could reduce the occurrence of OHSS in IVF. Besides, it did not decrease good embryo rates and pregnancy rates in IVF-ET, which might be associated with lowering local vascular permeability of ovaries.</p>

Evaluation on the effects of prevention and control programs regarding typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Guizhou province, from 2007 to 2012 / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study was to evaluate the effects of prevention and control regarding programs on typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever, in Guizhou province, from 2007 to 2012, to provide evidence for the improvement of related programs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data on typhoid fever and paratyphoid including information on epidemics, individual, cases, measures for prevention and control programs taken and relative government documents were collected and analyzed in Guizhou province, from 2007 to 2012. Information related to the average annual incidence, nature of outbreaks, time span before confirmed diagnosis was made, unit which carried the case report, proportion of laboratory confirmed diagnosed cases and case-management were compared between 2007-2009 and 2010-2012 descriptively while chi-square test with Excel and EpiInfo software were used for data analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the period of 2007-2009, a total of 5 978 typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever cases were reported in Guizhou province with the average yearly incidence as 5.29/100 000. In the period of 2010-2012, 2 765 cases were reported with the average yearly incidence as 2.57/100 000. When compared to the former, data from the latter period showed that the average yearly incidence had declined 51.31% in all the prefectures. There were still some outbreaks appeared but the total number of cases involved reduced 87.50%. The time span before the confirmation of diagnosis became shorter but the difference was not statistically significant (χ² = 0.08, P = 0.99). Number of cases reported by hospitals at county or above had 11.51% of increase while those cases reported at the township hospitals or below decreased for 61.47% . The proportion of laboratory diagnosed cases increased 23.63%. Rates of timeliness on cards being filled in, input and audited showed increase of 8.44%, 6.76% and 2.40% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Successful measures for prevention and control on typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever had been remarkably taken in Guizhou province, but the potential risk of outbreaks still existed in some areas, suggesting that health education and surveillance programs including laboratory diagnosis, should be strengthened.</p>

Evaluation on the effects of prevention and control programs regarding typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Guizhou province,from 2007 to 2012 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective This study was to evaluate the effects of prevention and control regarding programs on typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever,in Guizhou province,from 2007 to 2012, to provide evidence for the improvement of related programs. Methods Data on typhoid fever and paratyphoid including information on epidemics,individual,cases,measures for prevention and control programs taken and relative government documents were collected and analyzed in Guizhou province,from 2007 to 2012. Information related to the average annual incidence,nature of outbreaks, time span before confirmed diagnosis was made,unit which carried the case report,proportion of laboratory confirmed diagnosed cases and case-management were compared between 2007-2009 and 2010-2012 descriptively while chi-square test with Excelland EpiInfo software were used for data analysis. Results In the period of 2007-2009,a total of 5 978 typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever cases were reported in Guizhou province with the average yearly incidence as 5.29/100 000. In the period of 2010-2012,2 765 cases were reported with the average yearly incidence as 2.57/100 000. When compared to the former,data from the latter period showed that the average yearly incidence had declined 51.31% in all the prefectures. There were still some outbreaks appeared but the total number of cases involved reduced 87.50%. The time span before the confirmation of diagnosis became shorter but the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2=0.08,P=0.99). Number of cases reported by hospitals at county or above had 11.51% of increase while those cases reported at the township hospitals or below decreased for 61.47%. The proportion of laboratory diagnosed cases increased 23.63%. Rates of timeliness on cards being filled in,inputted and audited showed increase of 8.44%,6.76%and 2.40%respectively. Conclusion Successful measures for prevention and control on typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever had been remarkably taken in Guizhou province,but the potential risk of outbreaks still existed in some areas,suggesting that health education and surveillance programs including laboratory diagnosis,should be strengthened.